考虑耕地利用条件的黄土丘陵沟壑区农村居民点整理分区及利用对策

Zoning and Strategy of Rural Residential Land Consolidation on Loess Hilly and Gully Regions with Consideration of Arable Land Use Conditions

农村居民点整理是改善农村生产生活条件和实现耕地总量动态平衡的重要措施,耕地对未来西部经济欠发达地区农村居民点农业生产功能的发挥十分重要。选取具有黄土丘陵沟壑区典型地貌特征的子长县为研究对象,以农村居民点图斑为研究单元,基于核密度估计、GIS空间分析、多因素综合评价等方法,结合区域农村居民点用地适宜性、耕地利用条件及两者的空间组合特征划分4种整理区域并提出了差异化的土地利用对策。结果表明:集聚发展区应引导农户的集中居住,加强耕地的规模化利用;内部改造区应立足于自身的挖潜,加强土地的综合整治,通过改善基础设施,提高生活的便利性,并完善农业基础设施,提高耕地质量;合并组建区应引导农村居民点跨界迁移和撤并,并引导耕地的集中流转和规模化经营;生态迁移区农村居民点应采取整体搬迁的形式进行整理,耕地利用过程中注重生态环境的保护。分区结果和差异化利用对策对于农村居民点的合理布局和耕地的高效利用具有重要作用。

Rural residential land consolidation is an important measure to improve agricultural production,living conditions,and realize the dynamic balance of arable land,especially in the western underdeveloped areas.The objective of this research is to develop a theoretical model of the consolidation zoning of rural residential land,which combines the spatial characteristics of rural residential land suitability with arable land use conditions,and propose different strategies for diverse consolidation zones.Zichang County with typical landform characteristics in the loess hilly and gully regions is selected as the study area.Kernel density estimation,GIS spatial analysis,multi-factor comprehensive evaluation method are used.The results are as follows.(1)Agglomeration development region should guide the centralized resettlement and strengthen the large-scale utilization of arable land.(2)Internal reconstruction area should explore the potential modes of development in specific regions,such as strengthening the infrastructure to improve the convenience of life and the quality of arable land.(3)The combined region should guide the cross-border migration and withdrawal of rural residential land,and guide the centralized transfer and large-scale operation of arable land.(4)Ecological migration region should be reorganized in the form of overall relocation;the conservation of ecological environment should be emphasized in the process of arable land utilization.In conclusion,the zoning results and differentiated strategies can provide the decision-making references for orderly arrangement of rural residential land and efficient use of arable land resources in the loess hilly and gully regions.