深圳市生态资源消耗与经济增长的脱钩关系研究

Research on the Decoupling Relationship between Economic Development and Ecological Resource Consumption in Shenzhen

生态资源消耗与社会经济发展之间是否脱钩,是影响一个地区能否实现其可持续发展目标的重要因素,具有重要的现实意义。基于2007—2016年深圳市及各区的有关数据,运用脱钩理论,首次尝试构建生态资源消耗与经济发展之间的脱钩模型,利用Tapio脱钩体系中的8种状态定量分析深圳市生态资源与经济发展之间的关系,探讨其脱钩关系的时空演变规律。结果表明:深圳市及各区的生态资源与经济发展均实现了脱钩,整体变化趋势是弱脱钩到强脱钩,且原特区内的生态资源与经济发展之间的脱钩状态优于原特区外,说明深圳市在提高经济发展质量、实现生态资源与经济社会协调发展方面取得重大进步。另外,由于深圳市2016年开展了大量的基础设施建设,侵占了部分生态资源用地,导致当年脱钩效应为弱脱钩,整体脱钩状况出现了局部变动。最后,为保持生态资源与经济发展最理想的强脱钩状况,提出了具体的对策和建议。

The decoupling between economic development and ecological resource consumption is an important factor affecting whether a region can achieve sustainable development goals, its practical significance is extremely important. Based on the data of Shenzhen and its districts from 2007 to 2016, this paper applied the decoupling theory, and attempted to build a decoupling model between ecological resources and economic development for the first time. And then it analyzed the relationship between ecological resources and economic development by applying eight kinds of specific indicators in Tapio decoupling system,and explored the temporal and spatial evolution of the decoupling relationship and its characteristics. The conclusions are as follows: during the research period, Shenzhen and its districts achieved the decoupling of ecological resource and economic development, the overall trend was from weak to strong decoupling effect. The decoupling between ecological resources and economic development in the former special zone was better than outside the former special zone. The result showed that the targets of attaching importance to improving the quality of economic development and realizing the coordinative and sustainable development of ecological resources and economic society had been reached. In addition, due to the large amount of infrastructure construction carried out in Shenzhen of 2016, some of the ecological resources were invaded, which caused the weak decoupling in that year, and the overall decoupling development had some fluctuations. Finally, the paper puts forward some pertinent suggestions to maintain the optimal decoupling of ecological resources and economic development.