基于SWAT模型的晋江西溪流域绿水管理措施效益成本分析

Benefit-cost Analysis on Green Water Management Measures in Xixi Watershed of Jinjiang River Based on SWAT Model

[目的]计算晋江西溪流域4种绿水管理措施的效益和成本,为西溪流域生态治理提供新的参考模式,为完善水资源管理机制提供借鉴。[方法]以晋江西溪流域为研究区,运用SWAT模型对石陇、梯田、等高耕作、地表覆盖4种绿水管理措施进行了情景模拟,计算了4种措施在增加绿水、水土保持、水质保护、农业增收等方面的效益,并对每种措施进行了效益成本分析。[结果](1)石陇、梯田、等高耕作3种绿水管理措施的效益成本比分别为19.52,13.03,6.98,都远大于1,非常适合在西溪流域推广应用,3种措施的平均效益成本比为10.18。流域实施3种措施的年均成本为3.97×10~6元,年均效益为4.05×10~7元。(2)地表覆盖的效益成本比仅为0.63,目前不适合在研究区推广应用。[结论]石陇、梯田、等高耕作的环境与经济效益较好,有较好的应用前景;今后应进一步探索降低地表覆盖成本的技术,同时辅以适当的政府补贴,以利于该绿水管理措施在研究区的推广。

[Objective]To calculate the benefits and cost of four green water management measures,in order to provide a new reference pattern for ecological restoration of Xixi watershed,and provide support for improving water resources management mechanisms.[Methods]Taking Xixi watershed of the Jijiang basin as the study area,four green water management measures including stone lines,bench terraces,contour tillage and mulching were simulated by soil and water assessment tool(SWAT)model.The benefits of four measures in increasing green water,soil conservation,water quality protection and agricultural income were calculated,and the benefit and cost of each measure was analyzed.[Results](1) The benefit-cost ratio of stone lines,bench terraces and contour tillage was 19.52,13.03 and 6.98,respectively,which were far greater than 1,so those three green water management measures were suitable for popularization and application in Xixi watershed.The average benefit-cost ratio of the three measures was 10.18,and the average cost of the three measures in Xixi watershed was 3.97 million RMB per year,and the average benefit of that was 40.47 million RMB per year.(2) The benefit-cost ratio of mulching was only 0.63,so it was not suitable for application in the study area at present.[Conclusion]The environmental and economic benefits of stone lines,bench terraces,contour tillage are good and have a good application prospect.Further exploration should be made to reduce the cost of mulching,and the financial subsidies are also need to be provided,so as to promote the application of the green water management measures in the study area.