县域生态保护成效评估方法——以峨山县为例

Assessment of ecological protection effectiveness in a county area: using Eshan County as an example

县域是我国基本的行政单元,建立县域生态保护成效评估方法是完善我国生态文明制度建设重要任务。生态系统生产总值(GEP)是指一定区域在一定时期内生态系统为人类福祉提供的最终产品与服务及其价值总和,开展县域GEP核算可以客观反映县域的生态系统状况和生态保护的成效。以省级生态文明县——峨山彝族自治县为例,研究了县域GEP的核算指标体系和核算方法,开展了峨山县GEP核算,分析了峨山县GEP构成及其变化趋势。结果表明:(1)峨山县生态系统产品与服务可以分为产品提供、调节服务和文化服务3大类15项;(2)2015年,峨山县GEP为158.42亿元,气候调节功能和水源涵养功能是最主要的服务功能,二者总和占当年GEP的62.02%;(3)2000年以来,峨山县GEP明显提高,剔除价格因素后,共增加了25.04%,其中产品提供和文化服务功能价值提升明显,分别增加了236.25%和3004.06%。调节服务价值稳中有升,增加了1.30%。本研究表明,现有的生态环境监测数据和经济社会统计数据基本上可以支撑县域GEP的核算,同时县域GEP的变化能够体现出生态系统的保护成效,并为完善政府绩效考核制度提供依据。

The county is the essential administrative unit of our country,and it is an important task in the improvement of the ecological civilization system of our country to establish an effectiveness evaluation method of ecological protection in the county area.Gross ecosystem product(GEP)is defined as total values of ecosystem products and services for human welfare and sustainable development.The county-scale GEP accounting can objectively reflect the county′s ecological system status and the effectiveness of ecological protection.Using the provincial ecological civilized county,Eshan County,as an example,we built an accounting index system and method for the county′s GEP,increased Eshan County′s GEP accounting,and analyzed the county GEP′s constitution and trend.The results showed that:(1)ecosystem products and services in Eshan County could be divided into 3 categories,provisioning services,regulating services,and cultural services and 15 sub-categories.(2)In 2015,The GEP of Eshan County was 15.842 billion yuan.Climate regulation and water retention are the main ecosystem services,the sum of which accounted for 62.02%of the GEP of the year.(3)Since 2000,Eshan County′s GEP significantly increased.Eliminating the price factor,the GEP increased by 25.04%.Specifically,the value of the product delivery service and cultural service increased significantly by 236.25%and 3004.06%,respectively.The value of regulating services rose steadily,increasing by 1.30%.The present study showed that the existing environmental monitoring data,and economic and social statistics can basically support the accounting of a county′s GEP.Furthermore,the changes in a county GEP could reflect the effect of ecosystem protection,and provide the basis for improving the performance appraisal system.