马陵之战史料新识

New Understanding of the Historical Data of the Battle of Maling

本文通过对《史记》《战国策》与《竹书纪年》等一系列相关史料的考证,得出结论 :战国时的魏、韩马陵之战,发生在公元前344年;而齐魏马陵之战则发生在公元前342年;魏、韩马陵之战与齐、魏马陵之战,二者合在一起,构成《战国策·魏一》所谓的"马陵之难";"马陵之难"的发生地在新郑马陵;马陵之战后,齐军继续西进,在南梁以南20公里处"牛阑"这个地方,再次大败魏军。

Through the textual research of a series of historical data in Shih Chi, Strategies of the Warring States, and Annals of Bamboo Book, this article concludes that the Battle of Maling between the State of Wei and the State of Han during period of the Warring States occurred in 344 B.C. The Battle of Maling between the State of Qi and the State of Wei occurred in 342 B.C. The integration of two battles in Maling made up the' Maling Disaster' recoded in Chapter Weiyi of Strategies of the Warring States, which occurred in Maling, Xinzheng. After the Battle of Maling, the army of the State of Qi continuously marched westward and defeated the army of the State of Wei again at Niulan, 20 kilometers to the south of Nanliang.