民国报纸报道南昌起义口径变化之考察

A Study on Statement of the Newspaper Report about Nanchang Uprising in Republican Period

南昌起义是中国革命史上一次重大事件。它的爆发吸引了《申报》、《大公报》等十余家报纸的关注和报道。在这些报纸的报道过程中,涉及对南昌起义性质判定,是"内讧"还是"叛乱";在对起义部队的称呼上,也有"逆军"、"共产军"、"革命军"等多种说法。梳理当年部分报纸对南昌起义报道的口径及其变化,可以看出其中受多重因素影响,包括南昌起义以国民党旗帜为号召引起的误解,报纸沿袭军阀混战时期对军人兵变的称呼和报纸奉行的"有闻必录"观念及其背后所持的立场和态度。

Nanchang Uprising was one of the most important events in the Chinese revolutionary history. The outbreak of Nanchang Uprising was reported by more than dozen newspapers,such as Shun Pao and Ta Kung Pao. Whether the Nanchang Uprising was an ' infighting' or an ' insurgency',different newspapers had different views. They called different names of the uprising army,such as ' the rebel army', ' the communist army',and ' the revolutionary army',etc. Through analyzing the changes between reports of Nanchang Uprising in those years,we can conclude that the reports were affected by multiple factors,including the misunderstanding of using the KMT's Flag,the traditional view of revolt,the principle of exhaustiveness and the position and attitude behind the reports.