东北大小兴安岭地区梅衣科岛衣类和袋衣类地衣物种多样性

Species diversity of Cetrarioid and Hypogymnioid lichens(Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota) from the Greater and Lesser Khinggan Mountains in Northeast China

东北大小兴安岭地区是中国地衣的重要分布地之一,蕴藏着丰富的地衣生物多样性。本研究基于259份标本馆馆藏及采集自东北大小兴安岭31个保护区的新鲜地衣标本,结合形态学、解剖学、化学和DNA片段的综合分析,鉴定并报道了该地区梅衣科岛衣类和袋衣类地衣11属31种,包括环北极成分13种,东亚成分11种,世界广布成分3种,中国特有成分3种,欧亚成分1种。与之前记录和报道的该地区同类地衣物种组成进行对比,结果显示隶属于2属的6种地衣在该地区未被重新发现,表明这些地衣在该地区的分布可能大大萎缩乃至消失,尤其是属于东亚成分的袋衣属2种:粉袋衣(Hypogymnia farinacea)和日光山袋衣(H.nikkoensis),自最初以东北大小兴安岭标本为凭证在中国报道分布后,30余年未再新增任何标本信息,日光山袋衣在近期中国大型真菌红色名录评估中被推测处于易危状态。

The Greater and Lesser Khinggan Mountains of Northeast China is one of the important distribution areas of lichens in China,where is rich in lichen biodiversity.259 lichen specimens deposited in herbariums and freshly-collected from 31 nature reserves,were examined comprehensively considering morphology,anatomy,chemistry and DNA sequences.We identified and reported 31 species belonging to 11 cetrarioid and hypogymnioid genera of Parmeliaceae in this paper,including 13 species of circumpolar element,11 species endemic to East Asia,three cosmopolitan species,three species endemic to China,and one species of Eurasian element.A comparison with the previous records of distribution for lichens in the region shows that six species belonging to two genera were not rediscovered in current study,implying a great reduction or even a possible retreat of distribution for these lichens,especially two species endemic to Asia,i.e.Hypogymnia farinacea and H.nikkoensis,no additional specimen information has been added for more than 30 years since they were initially reported from the Greater and Lesser Khinggan Mountains as new record to China,and H.nikkoensis has been estimated to be Vulnerable(VU)in the recent red list assessment of Chinese macrofungi.