防御素植物基因工程

Progress on Defensin Genetic Engineering of Plant

防御素是一类具有免疫效应的小分子多肽,它具有稳定、抗菌谱广、抑菌机理独特、病菌难以产生抗性等特性,随着研究的深入,它将在医药领域产生巨大影响,有望开发成为新型的抗菌抗肿瘤药物。目前,多种防御素基因已经被发现并克隆,通过基因工程的手段,防御素在多种目的植物品种中得以转化表达,在植物抗病基因工程和作物品种改良中发挥了重要作用。就防御素的分类、防御素的抑菌机理、生物学功能、在植物基因工程方面的研究进展等作一综述,并对其应用前景作出展望。

Defensin is a kind of polypeptide that has specific immunity against bacteria,fungi,virus and other pathogenic microorganisms.It possesses specific characters,such as heat-durability,broad-spectrum antibiotic and special antimicrobial activity.With the further research progress on defensin,it will have a tremendous impact on medicine field and play an important role on plant genetic engineering and variety improvement of plant.So far,defensin had been transformed to varieties of plants and expressed in this plants.It makes an important action on plant genetic engineering against pest and disease.In this article we briefly review the classification of different defensin,their specific immunity against bacteria,their biological functions and progress in plant genetic engineering.In the end we make the forecast to its prospect of application.