酶催化多功能性研究进展

Research Progress in Enzymatic Promiscuity

酶催化反应具有高选择性、条件温和和可再生等优点,是一种绿色环保的有机合成方法。近年来人们发现酶具有催化非天然底物发生天然反应或非天然反应的能力。这种独特的能力被定义为酶催化多功能性,近年来备受人们的关注,为有机合成开辟了新的途径。因此研究酶催化多功能性具有重要意义。本文叙述了酶的多功能性在催化aldol缩合,Mannich反应,Michael加成反应以及多米诺反应中的应用,展望了酶催化多功能性的研究趋势。

Enzymatic method is efficient and green tool for modern organic synthesis due to its high selectivity,mild conditions and potential use of inexpensive regenerable resources.It is very significative to profile the novel unnatural activities of existing enzymes systematically since it might lead to improvements in existing catalytic methods and provide novel synthesis pathways which are currently not available.This ability is defined as enzymatic promiscuity and has attracted much attention and expanded rapidly in recent years.Some elegant works of enzymatic promiscuity including aldol condensation,Mannich reaction,Michael additions,Markovnikov additions and Henry reactions have been reported in the last decades,and the future research direction is suggested in the paper.