屏邊苗族的巫文化探究

Witch Culture of Miao Nationality in Pingbian

從貴州遷徙而來的屏邊苗族,在經歷時代變遷和外來文化以及宗教的影響後,至今仍保存著較為濃厚的、原始宗教信仰籠罩下的巫文化。@種巫文化突出的表現特征之一就是當地巫師'白馬師傅'的存在,白馬師傅的產生有'祖傳'和'神授'兩種方式,雖產生方式不同,但'法力'未有差異。在屏邊苗寨中,白馬師傅在人們生活的許多方面仍發揮着重要作用。屏邊苗族的巫師文化有'半神半醫'特征,内部體系亦有分別,社會影響利弊參半。我國少數民族地區的巫文化有其存在的合理性,若加以引導和改造,對構建社會主義和諧社會大有裨益。

Miao Nationality migrating from Guizhou to Pingbian, in spite of the change of the times and the influence of foreign culture and religion, still hold on to relatively strong witch culture of primitive religious beliefs. The most prominant feature of such witch culture is the existence of ' white horse master'.'White horse master' is elected in two ways as 'ancestral' and 'God'. Although being elected in different ways,their 'Mana' is the same. In Pingbian Miao village, white horse master still plays an important role in many aspects of people’s lives. The culture of Pingbian Miao Nationality is 'semi-Divine and semimedicine' with different internal systems and advantages as well as disadvantages.Since witch cultures legitimately exist,to lead and reform them will be of great advantage for the construction of harmonious society.