汽车B柱热成形技术的比较分析

Comparative analysis of hot forming technologies for automotive B-pillar

对乘用车B柱所使用的7种热成形技术进行了介绍,包括普通热成形、补丁板的热成形、与冷冲件拼接的热成形、软硬分区的热成形、不等厚板的热成形、激光拼焊板的热成形,带B柱的热成形门环等。阐述了不同热成形技术对材料、设备、热成形模具和成形前板料等的要求以及不同技术成形的B柱所能达到的碰撞性能和轻量化效果,进而从材料成本、技术难度、轻量化效果、碰撞安全性等角度,对比分析了7种热成形技术组合而成的11种热成形B柱的优劣,对未来热成形B柱的发展趋势进行了展望。分析结果表明,普通热成形B柱技术要求和成本最低,而碰撞性能、轻量化效果最好的为带B柱的热成形门环。

Seven hot forming technologies that applied on passenger car B-pillar were introduced,including normal hot forming,hot forming with patch blanks,welding with cold stamping parts after hot forming,partial hardening,hot forming with tailor rolled blanks,hot forming with tailor welded blanks and hot formed door ring with B-pillar.The requirements of different hot forming technologies for materials,equipment,hot forming die and the blanks before as well as the crash performance and lightweight effects of B-pillar formed by the technologies were expounded.Then the advantages and disadvantages of the eleven types of B-pillar that combined by the seven hot forming technologies were compared and analyzed from aspects of materials cost,technical difficulty,lightweight effects and crash safety,and outlook of the trend of hot forming B-pillar in the future were provided.The results show that the normal hot forming is easier to produce with the lowest cost,while the hot formed door ring with B-pillar has better crash performance and lightweight effects.