基于粉煤灰的绿色、轻质复合板材的开发研究

Development and research on green light-weight composite plate based on fly ash

以粉煤灰为主要原料,辅加少量助剂与PVC熔融,采用模压法制得了轻质、高强度的空心复合板材。探讨增塑剂邻苯二甲酸二辛脂(DOP)、加工助剂丙烯酸酯(ACR)、抗冲改性剂氯化聚乙烯(CPE)对空心碳金板材力学性能的影响,并利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观测试样断面。结果表明,各添加剂的最佳添加量为DOP 60份、CPE10份、ACR 4份(以PVC份数计)。空心复合板材的粉煤灰添加量可以达到76.5%。比实心复合板材密度下降20%,空心复合板材的最佳力学性能为:弯曲强度35.77 MPa,冲击强度19.21 k J/m^2,达到了国家塑料地板标准。

The light-weight,high-intensity hollow composite was made through compression molding,add a small amount of additives and PVC fusion,whose main raw materials were wastes-fly ash. The impact of plasticizer dioctyl phthalate(DOP),processing aid acrylate(ACR),impact modifier chlorinated polyethylene(CPE) on the mechanical properties of hollow carbon concentrated gold plate was discussed respectively. Scanning electron microscope(SEM) was used to observe the cross-section of the sample,which turned out that the optimal amount of adding various additives was 60 for DOP,10 for CPE,and 4 for ACR(based on the numbers of PVC). The additive content of fly ash could reach 76. 5%. Compared to the20% decrease of the solid composite plate's density,the optimal mechanical properties of hollow composite plate were as follows: the bending strength was 35. 77 MPa,and the impact strength was 19. 21 k J/m^2,which has reached the national standard of plastic floor.