耐盐性可降解淀粉高吸水树脂的制备及其性能

Preparation and properties of superabsorbent resin based on starch with salt resistance

研究以天然无毒、生物相容性良好的可降解淀粉为基体,通过自由基接枝聚合法接枝丙烯酸和2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸,制备了吸水性和耐盐性能良好的淀粉基高吸水树脂。通过红外光谱和扫描电镜对淀粉高吸水树脂进行了表征,并且考察了各因素(温度、投料比、引发剂用量和交联剂用量等)对吸液性能的影响。结果表明,当反应温度为55℃,反应时间为3 h,淀粉∶AA∶AMPS为2∶8∶0.5,引发剂用量为单体的0.6%,交联剂用量为单体的0.2%时,产物淀粉高吸水树脂在蒸馏水中吸水率达到了917 g/g,在0.9%生理盐水中吸盐水率为69.2 g/g,且吸水速率较快,重复使用3次基本不影响其吸水性能。

Superabsorbent resin based on starch with high water absorption and salt resistance properties were prepared from starch with non-toxic and excellent biocompatibility,acrylic acid(AA) and 2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid(AMPS) with potassium persulphate as initiator,N,N-methylene bis acrylamide as cross-linker by means of radical grafting copolymerization. The structure and surface morphology of prepared resin were characterized by infrared spectrum and scanning electron microscopy respectively. Effect of various factors such as mass ratio,reaction temperature,amount of initiator and cross-linker on the absorbencies of superabsorbents were studied. The results showed that when m(starch)∶ m(AA) ∶ m(AMPS) was 2∶ 8∶ 0. 5,initiator amount was 0. 6%,crosslinking agent amount was 0. 2% and reaction temperature was 55 ℃,the maximum absorbency of the superabsorbents prepared in distilled water and 0. 9% Na Cl solution were 917 g/g and 69. 2 g/g,respectively. The rate of water absorption was relatively fast,and the water absorption performance was not affected basically after repeated use of 3 times.