四川省1796例社区糖尿病病人生活质量及影响因素分析

Analysis of quality of life and influencing factors of 1 796 diabetes mellitus patients in urban communities of Sichuan province

[目的]了解四川省城市社区糖尿病病人生活质量现状并分析其影响因素。[方法]采用便利抽样在四川省12个城市的20所社区卫生服务中心选取2型糖尿病病人,应用中文版简明健康调查量表(SF-36)对其生活质量进行调查,并采用单因素及多元逐步回归分析其影响因素。[结果]共调查1 796例糖尿病病人,生活质量各维度、生活质量生理健康及生活质量心理健康得分均低于全国常模。多因素线性回归分析显示,病人所在区域(β=-0.208,P<0.001)、年龄(β=-0.087,P=0.005)、配偶情况(β=-0.083,P=0.005)、教育程度(β=0.102,P=0.003)、是否在社区建立档案(β=-0.098,P=0.002)、药物治疗方式(β=-0.140,P<0.001)、病程(β=-0.125 P<0.001)对生活质量生理健康的影响有统计学意义;病人所在区域(β=-0.139,P<0.001)、配偶情况(β=-0.075,P=0.015)、是否建立特殊门诊(β=0.078,P=0.027)、是否在社区建立档案(β=-0.089,P=0.006)、个人月收入(β=0.081,P=0.024)、药物治疗方式(β=-0.104,P=0.001)、病程(β=-0.086,P=0.008)对生活质量心理健康的影响有统计学意义。[结论]社区糖尿病病人生活质量偏低且受多种因素影响,尤其需要重视无配偶、病程长、接受多种药物治疗、未在社区建立档案的病人。

Objective:To know about the status quo of quality of life of diabetes mellitus patients in urban communities in Sichuan province and analyze its influencing factors.Methods:The patients with diabetes mellitus were selected by using convenience sampling method from 20 community health service centers in 12 cities of Sichuan province.The quality of life was investigated by using the Chinese version of Simple Health Survey Scale(SF-36).Single factor and multivariate stepwise regression analysis were used to investigate its influencing factors.Results:A total of 1796 patients with diabetes mellitus were investigated.The scores of all dimensions of quality of life,the physical component of quality of life(PCS),and mental component of quality of life(MCS)were lower than those of the national norm.Multivariate stepwise regression analysis showed that PCS was influenced by region(β=-0.208,P<0.001),age(β=-0.087,P=0.005),spouse situation(β=-0.083,P=0.005),education level(β=0.102,P=0.003),establish health records in the community(β=-0.098,P=0.002),drug therapy(β=-0.140,P<0.001)and course of disease(β=-0.125 P<0.001),the differences were statistically significant.MCS were influenced by region(β=-0.139,P<0.001),spouse situation(β=-0.075,P=0.015),whether establishing special outpatient or not(β=0.078,P=0.027),establishing health records in the community or not(β=-0.089,P=0.006),individual monthly income(β=0.081,P=0.024),drug therapy(β=-0.104,P=0.001)and course of disease(β=-0.086,P=0.008),the differences were statistically significant.Conclusions:The quality of life of patients with diabetes mellitus was poor and affected by many factors.In particular,patients should be paid more attention who didn't have spouse,were in a long course of the disease,were treated with multiple drugs and without files in community.