森林凋落物生产及分解研究进展

Research Progress on Forest Litter Production and Decomposition

森林凋落物的归还量及分解对森林生态系统影响极大。森林凋落物归还量受自然因素和人为因素共同影响,自然因素主要包括环境因子和林分因子。影响森林凋落物分解的因素主要分为内在因素和外在因素,内在因素指凋落物的理化性质,如凋落物的C/N比、木质素/N比和C/P比等重要的分解指标,而外部因素中的温度和湿度是影响凋落物分解主要的气候因子,土壤动物及微生物物也是影响凋落物分解的关键因子,人类活动及人为导致的CO2浓度升高、N沉降等全球气候变化也直接或间接的影响凋落物的分解速率。

The amount of forest litter and the decomposition process has enormous influence on the forest ecosystem.The influentialfactors of litter includes natural factors and human factors.Natural factors mainly include environmental factors and forest stand factors.The influential factors of litter decomposition are mainly divided into internal factors and external factors.The internal factors include physical and chemical properties of litter,such as the C/N ratio of litter,lignin/N ratio and C/P ratio.The temperature and humidity in external factors are considered to be the main climate factors influencing litter decomposition.Soil animals and micro-organisms are also the key factors influencing the litter decomposition.Human activities and human-induced global climate change such as elevated CO2 concentration and N sedimentation are also influencing the rate of litter decomposition directly or indirectly.