施硒对红芸豆产量及硒运转的影响

Effects of selenium application on the yield and selenium transport of red kidney beans

[目的]探索红芸豆各器官硒运转规律以及施硒对红芸豆POD(过氧化物酶)活性、MDA(丙二醛)含量及GSH(还原性谷胱甘肽)含量及产量的影响,为生产富硒红芸豆提供理论依据。[方法]以"英国红芸豆"为试验材料,采用二因素裂区设计,主区设5个浸种供硒水平,分别为SS_0(0 mg·L^(-1))、SS_(7.5)(7.5 mg·L^(-1))、SS_(15)(15 mg·L^(-1))、SS_(22.5)(22.5 mg·L^(-1))、SS_(30)(30 mg·L^(-1)),副区设4个叶面喷施供硒水平,分别为FS_0(0 g·hm^(-2))、FS_(15)(15 g·hm^(-2))、FS_(30)(30 g·hm^(-2))、FS_(45)(45 g·hm^(-2)),清水作对照,共20个处理组合。[结果]与不施硒相比,施硒能有效提高红芸豆POD活性、GSH含量以及降低MDA含量。红芸豆各器官硒含量大小为籽粒>叶片>豆荚>茎秆,且相比对照分别提高了2.5～13.2、4.7～23.0、0.1～31.6、0.26～15.9倍,最高产量相比对照提高了0.9倍。[结论]综合考虑建议以硒浸种15～22.5 mg·L^(-1),喷施硒30～45 g·hm^(-2)范围为宜。

[Objective] Current study was designed to explore selenium transport way in various organs of red kidney bean plants and the effect of selenium on POD(peroxidase) activity, MDA(malondialdehyde) and GSH(reduced glutathione) content, and yield of red kidney beans, and in order to provide a theoretical basis for selenium-rich red kidney bean production. [Methods] The 'British red kidney beans' was used as the experimental material, and the two-factor splitting design was adopted. The main factor was set up with soaking treatments with selenium concentrations at five different levels, SS0(0 mg·L-1), SS7.5(7.5 mg·L-1), SS15(15 mg·L-1), SS22.5(22.5 mg·L-1), SS30(30 mg·L-1), while the second factor was set up with foliar spray treatment with selenium concentrations at four different levels, FS0(0 g·hm-2), FS15(15 g·hm-2), FS30(30 g·hm-2), and FS45(45 g·hm-2). Tap water served as the control, and a total of 20 treatment combinations were involved. [Results] Compared with control group, selenium application could effectively increase the POD activity, GSH content, and MDA content of red kidney beans. The selenium content in different organs of red kidney bean plants was various as grain>leaf>pod>stem, and it was increased by 2.5~13.2, 4.7~23.0, 0.1~31.6, and 0.26~15.9 times, respectively, compared with control group, and the highest yield was increased by 0.9 times. [Conclusion] The study indicated that bean seeds treated with soaking method at selenium concentration of 15~22.5 mg·L-1 coupled with foliar spraying method at selenium concentration of 30~45 g·hm-2 provide good bean production.