日本学前教育保障幼儿游戏权利探索

An Exploration of Japanese Preschool Education to Protect the Rights of Children's Games

日本学前教育重视以幼儿游戏、自由玩耍为中心的自然的生活节奏。日本学前教育要求通过幼儿的游戏玩耍与生活体验实现幼儿教育的基本目标。幼儿园教师的工作就是坚持儿童本位,从5个领域即健康、人际关系、环境、语言、表现的视角,为幼儿的游戏玩耍、日常生活创造条件和布置环境。日本学前教育5个领域内容的形成经历了一个漫长的探索过程,也是保障幼儿游戏权利的探索过程。5个领域在其幼儿教育实践以及学前教育"去小学化""幼小衔接",特别是保障幼儿游戏权利等方面发挥了重要的作用。

Japanese preschool education emphasizes the natural rhythm of life by centering on children’s games and free play.Japanese preschool education demands to achieve the basic goal of early childhood education through games,play and the life experience of children.The job of kindergarten teachers is to adhere to the concept of child-centralism and create the conditions and layout environment for children’s play and daily life from the perspective of five fields.The five fields of preschool education in Japan have undergone a long process of evolution,which is exploration of the way to protect the rights and interests of children.The five fields played an important role in their early childhood education practice,as well as'removing some contents of the primary school'and'the connection of preschool and primary school'in preschool education,especially in protecting children’s right of games.