基于内外部表征的数学高考应用题分析

Analysis of Mathematics Word Problems of College Entrance Examination Based on External Representations and Internal Representations

在数学应用题的解决过程中,学生对问题表征方式的不同将影响学生对解题策略的选择.表征分为内部表征与外部表征,外部表征对应用题解决的影响因素包括文字表征、符号表征、图表表征、背景表征等;内部表征对应用题解决的影响因素包括概念表征、命题表征、概念图表征以及图式表征等.两种表征具有不同的结构及特征,对应用题的解决具有不同的机制,通过内外部表征两个方面对高考数学应用题的分析,认识内外部表征对应用题解决的具体作用.

In the progress of answering mathematics word problems, the representations of question for each student will affect the choice of solution strategy they make. Representations are divided into internal representations and external representations. The effect factors from external representations are literal representation, symbolic representation, diagrammatic representation and background representation. The effect factors from internal expressions are concept representation, proposition representation, concept mapping representation, and schema representation. Two types of representations have different structures and features. Also, they have different mechanisms for mathematics word problems. By analysis mathematics word problems in the paper of college entrance examination from internal and external representations parts, we will have a solid understanding of the effect on word problems from internal and external representations.