北洋政府时期司法官考试制度对司法考试的借鉴

Reference of Judicial Examination System in Northern Government

孙中山在建立南京国民临时政府时期在"三权分立"的基础上创设性的提出"五权分立",其中"考试权"从理论上论证了实行文官考试制度的必要性和迫切性。近代文官考试制度基本框架初步建立,并形成一套相对规范、系统的法律法规体系则是在北洋政府时期。当时将文官考试分为五类,其中的司法官考试制度恰恰在这一时期进入大发展时代。司法官考试相较于我国目前司法考试在立法、考试内容、考试形式、报考资格等方面都存在差异,虽也存在局限性,但相较于现代司法考试也具有其独特性,分析当时司法官考试制度并与现代进行比较,可以借鉴并完善目前司法考试,加速我国司法道路建设。

During the establishment of Nanjing Provisional National Government,Sun Yat- sen proposed'separation of five powers'based on the 'separation of three powers',in which 'exam right'demonstrated the necessity and urgency of the implementation of civil service examination system of through theory. It was in northern government that the basic framework of modern civil service examination system was initially established and a relatively standardized,systematic legal system was formed. The civil service exam was divided into five categories,in which judicial examination system entered into the times of development during this period. There are differences in legislation,exam content,exam forms,entry requirements and other aspects between judicial examination system and China's current judicial examination. Although there are limitations,it also had its unique characteristics compared with modern judicial examination. We can analyze the judicial examination system and compare it with the modern judicial examination in order to improve the current judicial examination and accelerate the construction of our justice.