现代社会的再认识与发展反思

A New Understanding of Modern Society and Reflections on Development

马克思在批判现代社会资本关系的局限性时,也盛赞了现代社会所带来生产的全面性展开、人控制物质能力的空前释放。发展的话语,正是在这样一个充满悖论的社会中诞生的。现代社会连续累积的单一直线、进步的不可逆性成为发展话语的主脉,而科学本意上进化论所强调的断裂、差异、多样性以及适应的两重性含义,则被打入冷宫。从发展基点来看,不同民族所拥有的不同经济类型和生活模式,会以其差异性的存在为人类提供更多潜在的或可能的选择机会。这也就是多样性或文化相对论所能贡献的最根本意义和最大价值。

When he criticized the limitations of the capital relationship in modern society,Marx spoke highly of the all-round development of production and the unparalleled release of man’s ability to control material brought about by modern society. The discourse of development was born in such a society that was full of paradoxes. The single straight line of continuous accumulation and irreversibility of progress in modern society have since become the dominant development discourse while the dual meanings of fracture,difference,diversity and adaptation emphasized by the theory of evolution in the true sense of science have been overlooked. From the perspective of development, the different economic types and living modes owned by different ethnic groups provide more potential or possible choices for human beings. This is the most fundamental meaning and maximum value that cultural diversity or cultural relativism can contribute.