传统生态思想文化的局限及其当代转型

Limitations of Traditional Ecological Ideology and Culture and Their Contemporary Transformation

传统生态思想文化也存在自身固有的局限。如传统生态哲学关于人与自然关系的认识带有直观笼统的特点,缺乏严格的科学分析与论证;注重主体生态德性修养,忽视对现实生态环境问题的关注;传统生态政治法律制度、生态民俗是适应传统农林牧渔业生产生活及环境保护要求,在面对当代工业生产导致的生态环境问题上存在自身的时代局限;在现代化过程中,传统生态民俗曾经被视作迷信被摒弃,客观上也限制了其在当代社会积极作用的发挥。要实现传统生态思想文化的当代转型,发挥其在生态文明建设中的积极作用,一是要结合古典文献、民间专家访谈、实地调查等多种方式搜集整理传统生态思想文化资源;二是对传统生态思想文化的研究,既应从当前生态文明建设现实需要出发,又要充分考察传统生态思想文化自身的立场、观点、思维方式;三是应注重从当代生态科学理论与方法出发,对传统生态思想文化进行科学研究;四是应注重对传统生态思想文化的改造与升华,在传统生态思想文化基础上,创新生态生产模式及生态民俗。

Traditional ecological ideology and culture also have their own inherent limitations. For example,in terms of their understanding of the relationship between man and nature,traditional ecological ideology and culture are based on intuition and generality and lack of strict scientific analysis and argumentation. They emphasize cultivation of morality but neglect actual ecological problems. Adapted to the needs of traditional agricultural production,life and environmental protection,the traditional ecological political and legal system and ecological folk customs show their limitations in the face of contemporary environmental problems caused by industrial production. In the process of modernization,many traditional ecological folk customs have been abandoned as superstitions and are unable to play a positive role in modern society. To transform traditional ecological ideology and culture to meet the needs of today and bring them into play in construction of ecological civilization, we should focus on the following four aspects. First,we should collect and sort out traditional ecological ideological and cultural resources by reading traditional literature,interviewing with folk experts,conducting field investigations and so on. Second,we should study traditional ecological thought culture with a view to suiting the needs of the present ecological civilization construction and examine the approaches,viewpoints and ways of thinking of traditional ecological ideology and culture. Third,we should apply the theories and methods of contemporary ecology to research on traditional ecological thought and culture. Fourth,we should transform and upgrade traditional ecological ideology and culture and innovate ecological production model and folklore on the basis of traditional ecological ideology and culture.