高速列车空气动力学

AERODYNAMICS OF HIGH-SPEED TRAINS

着重描述了高速列车与其它交通工具在空气动力学方面的差异,重点在包括磁悬浮列车(Maglev)在内的现代高速列车.这些差异与下述因素紧密相关:高速列车贴近地面或轨道运行、其长径比远大于其它交通工具、两列火车会擦身而过,与道旁建筑物相互干扰、常受到横风的干扰、通过隧道时会产生隧道出入口效应。本文综述了最新的相关信息,涵盖实验技术和实验结果、理论分析和数值方法。

This review highlights the differences between the aerodynamics of high-speed trains and other types of transportation vehicles. The emphasis is on modern, high-speed trains, including magnetic levitation (Maglev) trains. Some of the key differences are derived from the fact that trains operate near the ground or a track, have much greater length-to-diameter ratios than other vehicles, pass close to each other and to trackside structures, are more subject to crosswinds, and operate in tunnels with entry and exit events. The coverage includes experimental techniques and results and analytical and numerical methods, concentrating on the most recent information available.