种子的光学性质与激光育种的关系

Study on Relationship between Optical Characteristic of Seeds and Laser Breeding

利用2mW He-Ne激光测量了植物种子的透射率、散射和偏振度。结果表明激光对一些植物种皮的透射率为20-32％,对半颗种子的透射率为3.2-12％;偏振激光通过种皮后,偏振度0;高期诉激光束通过种皮后,受散射影响。光强偏离高斯分布,光束扩展,光斑变大,并出现一个峰值。说明激光光子能进入胚中与生物大分子直接发生作用。并根据透射光强分布的实验结果,解释了激光育种中存在的现象:激光束即使有点偏离胚,仍能引起生物效应,而激光束对准胚照射效果更明显。

Measured the transmissivity, scattering, and polarization degrce of laser light through seeds by He—Ne laser. Experimental results showed that the transmissivity of He—Ne laser through seed coats of some plants was 20—32％and that of half seed of some plants was 3.2—12％,and that the polarization laser light travelled through seed coats,the polarization degree 0. It was also proved that the Gauss laser beam passed through seed coats would be affected by scattering, the light intensity distribution deviated from Gauss distribution, the light intensity distributive range extended, the light spot cnlarged, and the light intensity distribution presented a peak value. It was showed that the photons of laser light would enter the embryo of seed and a large number of photons would interact directly with the biomacromolccules to bring about the biological effect. Based on the experimental result of transmissive intensity distribution, it could also be explained that the biological effects could also be generated by the laser when the laser beam deviated to some extent from the embryo, but the biological effects were more obvious when the laser beam aimcd at the embryo.