高脂饮食诱导大鼠高脂血症模型的性别差异研究

Gender Difference of Hyperlipidemias Induced by HIGH-FAT Diet in Sprague-Dawley Rats

目的探讨高脂饮食对雌雄大鼠体质量、血脂的影响,并探寻高脂饮食对雌雄大鼠形成高脂血症差异的影响,为提高动物模型的复制效率提供实验依据。方法随机将SD大鼠按性别及喂养饲料分为4组,普食组及高脂组分别给予基础饲料及高脂饲料12周。观察高脂饲料对不同性别大鼠体质量、摄食量、血清胆固醇、甘油三酯、游离脂肪酸、转氨酶等参数的影响,进而评价性别对高脂饮食诱导大鼠高脂血症模型的影响。结果高脂饲料喂养12周后,雄性大鼠体质量及摄食量略高于普食组,而雌性大鼠体质量及摄食量略低于普食组,高脂饲料的喂养使雄性大鼠与雌性大鼠之间的体质量差异进一步扩大;雌性大鼠血清中TC、TG、FFA、HDL-C、LDL-C的含量均明显升高,雄性大鼠血清TC、FFA、HDL-C、LDL-C的含量也明显升高,但TG并无显著变化;高脂饮食的饲喂使雌鼠血液中TC、TG、FFA、LDL-C的含量明显高于雄鼠;高脂饲料喂养12周后雌雄大鼠血液中AST、ALT的含量出现一定升高,但依然在较为安全的可控范围内。结论高脂饲料喂养12周均能诱发雄性及雌性大鼠的脂代谢异常,但雄性大鼠与雌性大鼠在体质量、血脂异常类型方面均存在显著的性别差异。雄性大鼠表现为体质量增加合并典型的高胆固醇血症(Ⅱa型),而雌性大鼠主要表现为体质量减低合并混合型高脂血症(Ⅱb型)。这种性别差异在高脂血症的动物模型及药物治疗研究中应被重视。

Objective Effects and gender difference of high-fat diet on rat body weight and serum lipid indexes are discussed in this research. Moreover,some experimental date were provided in order to improve the specificity and reproducibility of hyperlipemia models. Method SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups considering sexuality and diets( normal diet or high-fat diet). All rats were fed for 12 weeks with given diets. Effects of highfat diets on serum total cholesterol( TC),triglyceride( TG),free fatty acid( FFA),aspartate aminotransferase( AST) and alanine aninotransferase( ALT) were investigated. Result High-fat diet increased the body weight and food intake for male rats,however,body weight and food intake were decreased after high-fat diet feeding in female nate. High-fat diet expanded the gender difference on body weight. The serum contents of TC,TG,FFA,HDL-C,LDL-C in female rats were significantly increased in high-fat diet group. The serum contents of TC,FFA,HDL-C,LDL-C in male rats were also obviously increased,however,the serum TG content remain stable. Serum lipid index increased more apparently in female rats than male rats. Serum contents of AST,ALT for both sex were increased after high-fat diet feeding for 12 weeks, however, these increasing was considered as safety and controllable. Conclusion High-fat diet feeding for 12 weeks can lead to abnormal of lipid metabolism in both male and female rats with significant gender differences. Typical hypercholesterolemia( Ⅱa type) with high body weight are observed in male rats,however,mixed hyperlipidemia( Ⅱb type) with low body weight are founded in female rats. Gender difference should be concerned and considered in animal modeling of hyperlipidemia and therapy treatment.