高效采集中观测系统质控技术探讨

Quality control in the seismic high-productivity acquisition

在高效地震数据采集中,日采集量可达上万炮。以往基于最小炮检距的初至炮检距方法、线性校正方法及基于线性校正的共炮/检点道集叠加剖面的观测系统质控方法,都因需人工识别炮/检点的偏移而无法满足现场处理质控的时效性要求,且因人工识别标准难以严格统一及视觉疲劳等因素,极易导致局部道漏检。本文在充分分析、对比上述方法的基础上,开发出一种自动检测炮/检点偏移的3σ(σ为标准差)标准检测技术,利用3σ标准自动检测共炮/检点道集线性校正叠加与标准参考道的相关延迟时,形成检测报告,极大地提高了观测系统质控效率,有效避免了漏检现象的存在。

Conventional methods for seismic data acquisition quality control such as first-breaks on the minimum offset,linear correction,and common shotpoint/receiver-point gather stacking are manual methods.They hardy have a unified standard and miss the quality-control of some shots due to visual fatigue.On the other hand,a daily production may nowadays reach tens of thousands of shots in the present seismic high-productivity acquisition.These conventional methods cannot complete the quality control for so many shots of seismic data.In this paper,we propose a 3σstandard detection of shot-point/receiver-point offsets based on the research of the above-mentioned methods.This approach detects automatically delays between the reference and common shot-point/receiver-point gather stack linear corrections,and a detection report is achieved.The proposed approach can not only improve greatly the efficiency of seismic data acquisition quality-control,but also avoid missing the quality-control of some shots.