三次采油高温高盐油藏用表面活性剂的研究进展

Research Progress of Surfactants for Tertiary Recovery of High Temperature and Salinity Reservoirs

随着油田的逐步开发,高温高盐油藏所存在的采出速度和程度低的问题日益凸显,而对耐温抗盐表面活性剂体系的研发有利于提高原油采收率。针对上述问题,通过文献调研,综述了阴-非两性离子型、甜菜碱型、α-烯烃磺酸盐型、氟碳型、双子型和改性表面活性剂等5种三次采油用耐温抗盐表面活性剂体系,并对各类表面活性剂的结构和性能进行了阐述,其中SH系列表面活性剂和双子表面活性剂的耐盐性能可达26×104mg/L,α-烯烃磺酸盐和WPS-2改性表面活性剂耐温性能可达120℃, SDB-7和氟碳表面活性剂耐温抗盐性能均可达到140℃和22.6×104mg/L。

With the gradual development of oilfields, the problems of low rate and degree of recovery in high temperature and high salinity reservoirs have become increasingly prominent. However, the development of temperature-resistance and salt-tolerance surfactant systems is conducive to enhancing oil recovery. In this paper, in view of above problems, several kinds of surfactant systems of EOR were reviewed, including anionic-nonionic surfactants, betaines, α-olefin sulfonates, fluorocarbon surfactants, Gemini surfactants and modified surfactants. And the structures and performances of various surfactants were described. It’s pointed out that the salt tolerance of SH series surfactants and Gemini surfactants is up to 2.6× 105 mg/L;the temperature resistance of WPS-2 can reach 120℃;the temperature resistance and salt tolerance of SDB-7 and fluorocarbon surfactant are both up to 140 ℃ and 2.26× 105 mg/L.