中美天然气水合物研究对比

Comparison of Natural Gas Hydrate Research Field Between China and the United States

中国、美国是天然气水合物研究领域最重要的2个国家。美国开展天然气水合物研究较早,在天然气水合物的物化性质、勘探开发技术、实验模拟、试采工程、风险评估、国家战略规划等方面,都取得了丰硕成果。我国天然气水合物研究虽然起步较晚,但进展很快,不仅实现了天然气水合物实物样品的钻采,且成功实现了海域试采,迈入了天然气水合物研究的世界领先行列。采用文献计量学和知识图谱方法,以国际权威数据库SCIE为基础,梳理中、美两国自2001年以来的天然气水合物研究论文,对比分析两国天然气水合物研究的领域特征。研究结果表明:中、美两国在天然气水合物领域的优势十分明显。中国研究力量发展迅猛,自2010年以来在论文数量上已经超越美国,位居世界首位;美国表现平稳,但近几年研究有所放缓。在科技影响力、国际合作等方面,美国表现突出,比中国具有较大优势;但中国机构在该领域非常活跃,已经涌现出了一批在国际上具有相当影响力的学术机构和研究人员。21世纪以来,美国在注重天然气水合物的工程问题外,更偏重于地学、地球化学和地球物理、微/古生物等基础性研究,而中国更关注天然气水合物作为替代能源的工程问题。在2010年前后,中、美两国天然气水合物研究呈现出不同的特征。2010年之前,中国天然气水合物领域研究主题较为单一,处于'蓄势'阶段,之后各方面研究全面展开;而美国在2010年之后则有所降温,研究热点趋于减少。

China and the United States are the two most important countries in the research field of natural gas hydrate(NGH).The United States is one of the first countries to study NGH,which has already made great achievements in the physicochemical properties,exploration and exploitation technologies,simulation experiments and pilot production,climate and environmental impacts,and national strategic planning of natural gas hydrate.The research on NGH in China started late,but the progress was rapid.Up to now,the drilling of NGH samples was not only realized,but also sea trial production has been realized successfully.China has already entered the world leading ranks in this field.The bibliometric method and knowledge mapping were used to perform data mining and quantitative analysis of papers on NGH since 2001 from SCIE,which is an authoritative scientific database.The quantitative analysis was done and the results showed that,the advantages of China and the United States in the field of NGH are evident.China’s research capabilities have grown rapidly,who has surpassed the United States in the number of papers.Research in the United States has slowed in recent years;The United States has shown great scientific influence and extensive international cooperation,which has greater advantages than China,but the institutions in China are very active in this field,and a number of academic institutions and scholars with considerable influence in the world have emerged;Since the 21 st century,the United States has paid more attention to basic research in geoscience,geochemistry and geophysics,microbiology,and paleontology in addition to the engineering problems of NGH,while China pays more attention to the engineering of NGH as an alternative energy source;Before and after 2010,Studies on NGH in China and the United States show different characteristics,before 2010,China’s NGH field had single research topics and was in the'storage'stage,and then all aspects of research were flourishing,while that of the United States has cooled since 2010,and research hotspots have tended to decline.