北京市通州区妊娠妇女维生素D营养状况及其影响因素

Vitamin D status and its influential factors among pregnant women in Tongzhou District of Beijing

目的了解北京通州区妊娠妇女维生素D营养状况及其影响因素。方法分析2015—2017年通州区妇幼保健院电子信息系统中登记的单胎活产孕产妇30 193例,最终进行维生素D检测并纳入本研究17 351例,所占比例为57.5%,大部分产妇分娩年龄在25~35岁、初产、汉族、大学学历。判定孕产妇血清维生素D缺乏(≤20 ng/ml)、不足(20 ng/ml<~<30 ng/ml)或充足(≥30 ng/ml),分析孕产妇维生素D缺乏或不足检出率及相关的影响因素。结果维生素D缺乏占32.7%,不足占29.4%。分娩年龄<30岁、孕前超重(OR=1.21, 95%CI:1.11~1.31)和肥胖(OR=1.40, 95%CI:1.21~1.61)是维生素D缺乏或不足的危险因素。初产(OR=0.74, 95%CI:0.69~0.80)、检测在夏季(OR=0.39, 95%CI:0.36~0.43)和秋季(OR=0.48, 95%CI:0.44~0.53)是维生素D缺乏或不足的保护因素。结论北京市通州区孕妇维生素D不足或缺乏情况较严重,应引起重视。维生素D水平受分娩年龄、产次、孕前体重和检测季节影响。营养干预应重点关注年龄较小、孕前超重/肥胖的孕妇。

Objective To investigate Vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency,and its influential factors among pregnant women in Tongzhou District of Beijing.Methods A total of 30 193 single live births were selected from the electronic information system of Tongzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital from 2015 to 2017,Vitamin D testing was carried out in 17 351 births(57.5%).Most of the pregnant were 25-35 years,Han ethnicity,primiparity and had obtained college degree.Serum vitamin D>30 ng/ml was regarded as adequacy.The prevalence of serum Vitamin D deficiency(≤20 ng/ml),insufficiency(20<~<30 ng/ml)in pregnant women was analyzed.Potential factors that would influence Vitamin D status were also analyzed.Results Among 17,351 pregnant women,32.7%of them were Vitamin D deficiency and 29.4%were vitamin D insufficiency.The risk factors for Vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency were age<30 years,pre-pregnancy overweight[OR=1.21,95%CI(1.11,1.31)]and obesity(OR=1.40,95%CI(1.21,1.61))The protective factors for Vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency were primiparous[OR=0.74,95%CI(0.69,0.80)],examination conducted in summer[OR=0.39,95%CI(0.36,0.43)]and autumn(OR=0.48,95%CI(0.44,0.53))Conclusion Vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency was prevalent among pregnant women in Tongzhou District which should be paid attention.Age of delivery,parity,pre-pregnancy weight status,and detection season were associated with Vitamin D status.Nutrition intervention should target at young pregnant women and women with pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity.