2465例40～65岁女性潮热出汗发生情况及其与孕产史的关系

Study on hot flashes among 2 465 Chinese women aged 40-65 years and its correlation with reproductive history

目的分析中国40~65岁女性更年期潮热出汗的发生情况,并探讨其与孕产史的关系。方法采用横断面调查方法,收集在2015年10月至12月期间,在全国7个省(区、市)妇幼保健院以潮热出汗和/或其他更年期症状为主诉寻求更年期保健服务、且近3个月内未服用过性激素的40~65岁女性的相关信息。结果调查共回收2 495份问卷,调查对象年龄在40~65岁的问卷共2 465份(98.8%)。近2周出现潮热出汗症状者为1 205例,占48.9%。孕≤1次及孕≥2次者有潮热出汗症状分别为280例和925例,分别占42.2%和51.4%;产次≤1次及产次≥2次者有潮热出汗症状分别为870例和335例,分别占比48.7%和49.5%;有哺乳史者有潮热出汗症状为1 068例,占比50.3%;有流产史者有潮热出汗症状为404例,占比43.1%。年龄>45岁、工作状况以及哺乳史是更年期女性发生潮热出汗症状的危险因素,而月经状况和流产史是更年期女性发生潮热出汗症状的保护因素。结论近一半在妇幼保健院就诊的女性在40~65岁时可能发生潮热出汗症状,有哺乳史者发生潮热出汗的比例高于无哺乳史者,有流产史者发生潮热出汗的比例低于无流产史者,孕≥2次者发生潮热出汗的比例高于孕≤1次者,产次≥2次者发生潮热出汗的比例高于产次≤1次者。

Objective To describe the menopausal hot flashes and to explore the relationship between the hot flashes and reproductive history among Chinese women aged 40-65 years.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among Chinese women aged 40-65 years in 7 provinces(districts and municipalities)in October to December,2015.Subjects who complained of hot flashes,sweating and/or other menopausal symptoms and who had not taken sex hormones in the past three months were enrolled.Results A total of 2 465 questionnaires were collected.1 205(48.9%)women had hot flashes and sweeting symptoms in last 2 weeks.There were 280 cases of hot flashes and sweating symptoms in those who had less than one pregnancy and 925 cases of those who had more than two pregnancies,accounting for 42.2%and 51.4%respectively;870 cases of hot flashes and sweating symptoms in those who had less than one and more than two pregnancies,accounting for 48.7%and 49.5%respectively;1 068 cases of breast-feeding women had hot flashes and sweating symptoms,accounting for 50.3%and 404 cases of those who had abortion history had hot flashes and sweating symptoms,accounting for 43.1%.Age>45,working status and breast-feeding history are risk factors for hot flashes and sweating in menopausal women,while menstrual status and abortion history are protective factors for hot flashes and sweating in menopausal women.Conclusion Nearly half of women aged may suffer from menopausal hot flashes and sweating at the age of 40-65.The proportion of those who have breast-feeding history,whose gravidity≥2,whose parity≥2 was higher than that of those without breast-feeding history,gravidity≤1,whose parity≤1.The proportion of those who have abortion history is lower than that of those without abortion history.