老年高血压患者对高胆固醇食物认知水平研究

Study on the cognitive level to high cholesterol foods of the elderly patients with hypertension in community

目的评估社区老年高血压患者对高胆固醇食物的认知现状。方法对南通社区老年高血压患者采用问卷调查法调查对高胆固醇食物的认知水平。结果完整的264份资料显示老年高血压患者对高胆固醇食物的正确认知率分别为动物内脏75.4%、鱼籽42.0%、蛋黄30.7%、鱿鱼26.5%;对可降低胆固醇的食物的正确回答率分别为大蒜64.8%、豆类及豆制品64.0%、绿茶63.6%、洋葱56.8%、酸奶39.0%、香菇28.8%。经多元逐步回归分析显示,文化程度、和谁一起居住生活是老年高血压患者对胆固醇食物认知的主要影响因素;文化程度高者得分高于文化程度低者(P<0.01),和家人一起居住生活者高于独居或与保姆一起居住者(P<0.01)。获得健康知识的渠道有:电视62.9%,报纸36.7%,医疗机构35.6%,周围人群16.7%,杂志9.1%,网络2.3%,老年大学1.1%,其他途径7.5%。结论医护人员应加强对老年高血压患者及其家人胆固醇食物健康指导,同时,要重视发挥电视、报纸等媒体的作用。

Objective To assess the cognitive level to high cholesterol foods in the patients with hypertension in community.Methods The questionnaire was used to survey the cognition to high cholesterol foods in the patients with hypertension in community of Nantong.Results 264 compelet questionnaires showed the correct cognition rate about high cholesterol foods,as 75.4% to animal offal,42.0% to roe,30.7% to egg yolk,26.5% to squid.And the right an-swers about foods that could decrease the level of cholesterol were 64.8% to garlic,64.0% to beans and soy products,63.6% to green tea,56.8% to onions,39.0% to yogurt,and 28.8% to mushrooms.Regression analysis showed that the main factors which influence patients' cognition were education level and who they were living with(P < 0.01).Conclu-sions The cognitive level of high cholesterol foods in the elderly patients with hypertension in community is low,so it is important to strengthen the education about high cholesterol foods.