皖南古村落水景观特征分析

The Waterscape Characteristics of Ancient Villages in Southern Anhui

天下渚水,汇之汪洋,但是不同地域的水景观却显示出其独具的特征。皖南古村落"即山为城,因溪为隍",受自然地理及社会历史和文化的综合影响,形成了独特的聚居环境,其先民也以"智者乐水"的情怀创造了丰富多样的水景观。选取皖南具代表性的古村落进行调查研究,将水景观的特征归为物质性和非物质性两方面进行分析,即形态多样、以静为主、水质优良;同时,水景观的形成又与皖南先民的精神文化、社会生活及水利技术方面有着千丝万缕的关联。

Though all rivers and streams flow into the ocean,the waterscapes in different regions have their own characteristics.Ancient villages in Southern Anhui have mountains and rivers as barriers,forming unique settlements environments under the affection of geographical,social historical and cultural factors.Local people in Southern Anhui,who have held the view of waterscape since antient time:'The wise find joy in water and the benevolent find pleasure in mountains.',have created various waterscapes.Typical ones chosen from the ancient villages in Southern Anhui were investigated and analyzed by classifying the waterscapes into material ones(charcterized as quietness,diversification and quality) and immaterial ones(the close relationship of the formation of waterscapes to the Soutern Anhui ancestors' spiritual culture,social life and hydrotechnics).