系统功能语法理论下英语词汇语法歧义现象解析

An Analysis of the Ambiguity of Vocabulary and Grammar Based on Systematic Functional Grammar Theory

语言歧义是指一个词或句子的含义模糊,或者存在两种或多种意义解释的复杂语言现象。与其他客观存在的语言一样,英语作为一种广泛运用的语言,由于其词汇量很大,语法又比较灵活,语言歧义的现象表现得尤为突出。系统功能语法主要关注语言成分的功能,主要关注语义、词汇语法和语音之间的关系。系统功能语法理论解释了传统形式语法所难以解释的歧义现象,为歧义分析开拓了一条新路。本研究打破了传统的分析方式,以Halliday为代表的系统功能语法为理论背景,着重对英语语言词汇语法层面的名词词组歧义现象进行分析,对短句进行及物性分析,通过例句阐释词汇语法歧义现象产生的原因。这有助于丰富和拓宽在英语歧义方面的研究和应用范畴,对歧义的分析有助于提高学习者驾驭语言的能力,避免歧义对语言学习者造成的理解困扰,完善语言学理论,进而更加有效地利用歧义语言所发挥的积极作用,并将其创造性地运用到语言表达中,构建顺畅和谐的人际交流。

Linguistic ambiguity refers to the ambiguity that exists in a word or a sentence and may lead to two or more interpretations. Like other languages in the world, English is commonly used in our life. Because of its large word bank and diverse grammatical rules, ambiguity mostly occurs in English. The theory of systematic functional grammar focuses on studying thefunctions of a language and the relationship between semantics, grammar and phonetics used to explain and analyze the ambiguous phenomena which traditional grammar cannot fully explain. This paper analyzes both the ambiguous phenomena that exist in English noun phrases and the transitivity of English short sentences and explains what cuase the ambiguous phenomena by giving examples. The study is helpful to broadening and enriching the theories on ambiguity analysis and the application of ambiguity. Besides, language learners can improve their abilities to master language by avoiding misunderstandings caused by ambiguity and effectively using the pragmatic effect of ambiguous languages to achieve smooth communications.