海南省创新农村治理模式研究

The Extrication of Hainan Rural Areas from Governance Plight and the Innovation of Social Governance

以村民自治为核心的"乡政村治"农村治理模式,在实践中经常呈现以乡镇政府为中心的治理现象,致使具有多元化主体的农村治理遭遇种种困境。各相关利益主体经常发生行为偏差,出现角色错位、越位和缺位等情况。借鉴多中心治理理论,运用一套多元化的管理办法进行农村治理,发挥村两委、村民、市场、农村民间组织等主体在农村治理中的作用。运用网格化管理理论,结合海南省农村实际,建立县政府、乡镇政府、行政村、村民小组四级网格,明确各级职责,并借鉴宁夏网格化管理成功经验,以"4+6+X"的人员配置模式,在每个网格配备管理服务团队,保障网格化管理优势的发挥,以化解不断出现的各种农村治理难题。

Currently, the village/township-government-led rural governance mode with village self-governance as core, which is often made to be a mode of villag/township-government-centered governance actually, is causing the rural governance with mutiple subjects to encounter difficulties: the stakeholder subjects often behave in a deviant way, dislocate their roles,overstep their power,absent themselves from duty,etc. To extricate rural governance from tha above plight, the mode of diversified govbernance, guided by the polycentric governance theory, should be applied in rural governance, with which such rural subjects as village committees, village Party branches, villagers, markets and rural folk organizations would play a role in rural governance and guided by the grid management theory and taking into consideration the actual situation of the rural areas of Hainan provice the mode of grid governance should be constructed, which would possess four administrative levels with each level to be given definite responsibility and the successful experience from Ningxia provice in grid management to be used.