高等教育归纳式教学模式内容、特点和应用

The Induction-based Teaching Mode in Higher Education:Contents, Characteristics and Application

中国现代高等教育倡导提升大学生创新能力、着力培养综合素质,大学教育的归纳式教学模式愈发优于传统的演绎式教学模式。而目前对归纳式教学模式综合梳理的文献综述尚少。通过对《中国知网》近千篇相关文献的搜索、近百篇重要文献的研读,归纳式教学模式是一种在授课过程中以教师为主导、大学生为主体,教师通过多种手段、多种方式积极引导学习者,通过学习者的主动学习,发现问题、分析问题和解决问题,自主构建知识体系,掌握学习目标所要求的理论、知识和技能,保证教学取得良好教学效果的一种教学模式。与传统演绎式教学模式相比,归纳式教学模式更能适应现代高等教育教学的要求,能够培养大学生的自主学习能力、实践能力和创新思维能力。因此,归纳式教学模式已经逐渐被高等教育接受为一种有广泛影响的主流教学模式。可以相信,归纳式教学模式对高等教育教学改革具有积极的借鉴意义。

In China modern higher education improving college students' innovative ability and their comprehensive quality is advocated. In this course the induction- based teaching mode shows its superiority to the deduction- based mode. However, the synthetical literature review on the induction- bsed mode has yet to be found. The searching for nearly a thousand related papers and the studying of nearly a hundred important papers find that induction as a teaching mode is teacher- dominated and student- oriented in nature. With this mode teachers apply many means and methods to guiding learners to discover, analyze and solve problems through learning actively to construct knowledge systems, grasp learning objectives and improve learning effects.Compared to the traditional deduction- based teaching mode, the induction- based mode is more capable of meeting the requirements of modern higher education and cultivating students' abilities to learn independently,practise operationally and think innovatively. For this reason the induction- based teaching mode has been well accepted in higher education as a main mode and is producing increasingly extensive influences, providing positive reference for the reform of higher education.