番茄织球壳萎蔫病菌的生物学特性

Biological Characteristics on Plectosphaerella cucumerina of Plectosphaerella Tomato Wilt Causal Agent

研究番茄织球壳菌萎蔫病[Plectosphaerella cucumerina(Lindf.)W.Gams]的症状、病菌生物学特性及寄主范围,旨在为该病害的诊断与防治提供科学依据。研究结果表明:该病菌在PDA、PSA和MEA等培养基上生长良好,多种碳氮源物质对菌丝生长均有促进作用,适宜生长的碳源为蔗糖、葡萄糖和甘露糖,适宜的氮源为蛋白胨和酵母膏。病菌在5~35℃温度范围内均可生长,最适温度为27℃,分生孢子在24℃萌发率最高,为60.2%。病菌适宜生长的p H值为6~8。菌丝的致死温度为50℃,10 min。该病菌寄主范围广泛,在人工接种条件下可侵染茄子、辣椒、番茄、生菜、苦苣、甜瓜、黄瓜、大白菜和油菜等多种作物。

The symptom of disease and biological characteristics of the Plectosphaerella tomato wilt causal agent(Plectosphaerella cucumerina(Lindf.) W. Gams) was studied, in order to provide the scientific evidences for the diagnosis and treatment of the disease. The results showed that the mycelia of the pathogen could grow better on PDA, PSA and MEA. The pathogen could effectively use many kinds of carbon sources and nitrogen sources. The better carbon source was sucrose, glucose and mannitol, and the better nitrogen source was peptone and yeast extract. The temperatures for mycelial growth were ranged from 5℃ to 35℃ and the optimum temperature was 27℃. The optimum temperature for conidial germination was 24℃, and the optimum p H was 6-8. The mycelial lethal temperature was 50℃, 10 min. The pathogen has a wide host range, it could infect the plant of eggplant, pepper, tomato, lettuce, bitter lettuce, melons, cucumbers, cabbage and rape under artificially inoculation.