辽宁主栽玉米品种的耐低氮能力评价

Evaluation of Low Nitrogen Tolerance Ability in the Current Liaoning Main Maize Cultivars

以耐低氮指数为指标,采用模糊数学隶属函数法和主成分分析法对目前辽宁主栽玉米品种进行耐低氮能力评价,并进行聚类分析,以期为玉米育种和高效栽培研究奠定基础。研究结果表明:施氮处理玉米穗粒重、穗粒数、穗长、百粒重、株高、穗位高均高于不施氮处理,而不同品种的秃尖长度在两种处理条件下表现不尽相同;穗粒重、穗粒数、秃尖长可作为评价玉米品种耐低氮能力的指标;供试22个品种玉米可分为3个类群,第1类群(辽单1211、辽单527和辽单565)为对氮素水平反应不敏感品种,第2类群(铁研38、沈玉35、铁研58、铁研358、铁研120、丹玉406、丹玉606、良玉66、先玉335和沈玉21)为对氮素水平反应敏感品种,第3类群(辽单506、辽单120、良玉99、甘农936、良玉88、甘农340、丹玉39、郑单958和丹玉605)为中间类型品种。

In order to lay the basis for maize breeding and high efficient cultivation research, low nitrogen tolerance ability was evaluated using fuzzy mathematics method and principal component analysis method on maize varieties, and then the clustering analysis was used. The results showed that grain weight per ear, grain number per ear, ear length, 100 kernel weight, plant height, ear height was higher than that in no nitrogen condition, but the bald tip length performance of different varieties in the two treatment conditions were not the same. The grain weight per spike, grain number per spike, bald tip length could be used to evaluate the maize varieties in low nitrogen tolerance index. The 22 hybrids were categorized into 3 groups: the low nitrogen tolerant types(including liaodan1211, liaodan527, liaodan565), the low nitrogen sensitive types(including tieyan38, shenyu35,tieyan58, tieyan358, tieyan120, danyu406, danyu606, liangyu66, xianyu335, shenyu21) and the medium nitrogen tolerant types(including liaodan506, liaodan120, liangyu99, gannong936, liangyu88, gannong340, danyu39, zhegndan958, danyu605).