2013-2017年住院患者梅毒感染调查分析

Investigation and analysis of syphilis infection in hospitalized patients from 2013 to 2017

目的探讨梅毒在住院患者中的现状及流行病学特征。方法对2013年1月-2017年12月延安医疗集团总医院住院患者中梅毒检测阳性者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 5年间共收治住院患者39 825例,检出梅毒阳性者635例,男302例,女333例,男女比例1∶1.1;其中隐性梅毒450例(70.9%),显性梅毒171例(26.9%),神经梅毒8例(1.26%),先天梅毒6例(1.1%);梅毒检出率2013年为1.08%,2017年上升为2.11%;隐性梅毒主要发生在30~60岁年龄段,共检出276例,显性梅毒20~60岁年龄段多发,共检出101例,神经性梅毒主要发生在11~60岁年龄段,<1岁的7例均为先天性梅毒患者。梅毒广泛分布于各个科室,但不同类型梅毒主要分布科室有一定差异,其中隐性梅毒分布于外科、内科、妇科、产科、皮肤科、感染科等科室,显性梅毒则主要见于外科、产科、ICU等。神经性梅毒主要分布于神经科;先天性梅毒主要分布在儿科。结论住院患者中梅毒检出率逐年上升,隐性梅毒的隐蔽性较大,危害性强,分布较广,患病率呈逐年上升的趋势,梅毒阳性的患者几乎覆盖了所有科室和所有年龄段,因此,住院患者进行梅毒普查是至关重要。

Objective To explore the current situation and epidemiological characteristics of syphilis in hospitalized patients.Methods The medical records of patients with positive test results of syphilis detected in our hospital from January 2013 to December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed.Results In the 5 years,39825 hospitalized patients were admitted,among the patients 635 cases showed positive test results of syphilis,302 male,333 female(1:1.1),450 cases(70.9%)of recessive syphilis,171 cases(26.9%)of dominant syphilis,8 cases(1.26%)of neurosyphilis,and 6 cases(1.1%)of congenital syphilis.The detection rate of syphilis was 1.08%in 2013 and 2.11%in 2017,recessive syphilis occurred mainly in the age of 30-60 years,276 cases were detected,101 cases of dominant syphilis were found in the age of 20-60 years,neurosyphilis occurred mainly at the age of 11-60 years,7 cases less than 1 years old were congenital syphilis patients.Syphilis was widely distributed in various departments,but there were some differences in the main distribution departments of different types of syphilis.Recessive syphilis mainly distributed in surgery,internal medicine,gynecology,obstetrics,dermatology,infection department and other departments,dominant syphilis was mainly seen in surgery,obstetrics,ICU and so on.Neurosyphilis mainly distributed in the neurology department,and congenital syphilis mainly distributed in pediatrics.Conclusion The detection rate of syphilis in hospitalized patients is increasing year by year.Recessive syphilis is more hidden,harmful and widely distributed.The prevalence of syphilis is increasing year by year.Syphilis-positive patients cover almost all departments and all age groups,therefore,it is very important for hospitalized patients to carry out syphilis screening.