密喇布及其对希瓦汗国史学发展的影响

Mirab and Its Influence on the Development of Khiva Khanate’s Historiography

'密喇布'是中古时期中亚地区广泛使用的官职,主要负责农业灌溉系统的管理。在希瓦汗国,部分'密喇布'除了做自己的本职工作外,还从事修史活动,为希瓦汗国史学的发展起到了比较重要的作用。本文以中亚希瓦汗国'密喇布'修史活动为研究对象,论述其对史学发展的影响和作用。文章认为'密喇布'并不是专职从事修史活动,但有些'密喇布'奉命撰写一些历史著作。他们的修史活动成为了希瓦汗国史学发展的主要因素之一。'密喇布'所写史学著作所用'十二生肖纪年'等史学因素,充分说明了中国古代传统文化对中亚文化发展的重要贡献。

Mirab was a common government post in Central Asia in the middle ages,which primary duty was in charge of agricultural irrigation system.In the Khiva Khanate,some Mirabs not only did their duties,but also engaged in historical writing,even played important roles in the Khiva Khanate historiography.This article research Mirab’s function on the development of historiography of Khiva Khanate.The Mirabs were not all-time historians,but some of them were commissioned by Khans to write some historical books.Their work is one of the main factors to promote Khiva Khanate’s historiography.In their historical books,the years were designated by twelve animals,which reflected influence of Chinese traditional historiography on Central Asia.