论契约承运人与实际承运人的责任分担

Liability Apportionment of Contract Carriers and Actual Carriers

在海上货物运输过程中运输合同的主体,一方是契约承运人,另一方是托运人。然而随着运输业和海上贸易的不断发展,海上运输分工的不断细化,出现了与托运人订立运输合同的当事人将运输任务转交给负责运输的实际承运人。因此,契约承运人与实际承运人的责任如何承担便日益受到关注。这就要求海上货物运输的规则不断改进,来规定契约承运人与实际承运人这两大主体的责任分担,从而进一步维护托运人或者收货人的利益,进一步促进国际海上运输业的发展。

One party of the contract of transport in the process of carriage of goods by sea is the carrier,and the other is the shipper. However,with the continuous development of transportation and maritime trade,the continuous specification of maritime transport division of labor,the fact has turned out to be that the contract of carriage with the consignor client be responsible for the transport task handed over to the actual carrier. Therefore,how to assume the liability between the contract carrier and the actual carrier has become a rising concern. This requires the continuous development of rules of the maritime transportation to establish the apportionment of liability between the contract carrier and the actual carrier,so as to safeguard the interests of the shipper or the consignee and promote the development of international maritime transport.