社区糖尿病患者生命质量及健康促进生活方式研究

Quality of life and health-promoting lifestyles among diabetic patients in a community

目的通过调查了解社区2型糖尿病患者的生命质量及健康促进生活方式,为科学开展健康干预提供参考依据。方法于2017年8-10月对某社区117名2型糖尿病患者进行问卷调查,收集患者一般情况、患病情况,并采用SF-36量表及健康促进生活方式量表(HPLP)调查患者生命质量及健康促进生活方式信息,分析患者的生命质量、健康促进生活方式得分及关系。结果 117例调查对象生命质量总分为(620. 09±113. 95)分,各维度得分由高到低依次为:生理职能(87. 39±26. 99)分、生理功能(85. 98±13. 59)分、社会功能(85. 47±17. 88)分、活力(82. 91±29. 88)分、情感职能(75. 21±15. 91)分、精神健康(74. 94±15. 63)分、躯体疼痛(66. 47±17. 67)分、总体健康(61. 71±16. 88)分。健康促进生活方式总分得分率为62. 61%,各维度由高到低依次为:营养行为72. 02%、人际支持行为62. 61%、生命欣赏行为61. 54%、健康责任行为61. 0%、压力处置行为60. 85%、运动行为60. 75%。经逐步回归分析,在调整了年龄和其他慢性疾病的影响后,生命欣赏行为(β=6. 388,P=0. 008)和运动行为(β=5. 298,P=0. 024)与社区2型糖尿病患者生命质量正相关。结论社区2型糖尿病患者健康促进行为执行不理想;运动行为及生命欣赏行为影响社区2型糖尿病患者生命质量,应采取健康教育干预重点提高运动行为及乐观心态。

Objective To investigate the quality of life and health-promoting lifestyles among patients with type 2 diabetic mellitus(T2 DM)in a community so as to provide a basis for scientifically conducting health intervention.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted on general information and sickness status related to 117 patients with T2 DM in a community in August-October,2017.Short-Form Health Survey Scale(SF-36)and Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile(HPLP)were employed to investigate their quality of life and health-promoting lifestyles,and then the scores of quality of life and health-promoting lifestyles and their relationship were analyzed.Results The total score of quality of life in the 117 patients with T2 DM was(620.09±113.95).The scores of eight dimensions listed from high to low were physical role(87.39±26.99),physical function(85.98±13.59),social function(85.47±17.88),vitality(82.91±29.88),emotional role(75.21±15.91),mental health(74.94±15.63),body pain(66.47±17.67)and general health(61.71±16.88).The total scoring rate of health-promoting lifestyle profile was 62.61%.The scoring rates of six dimensions listed from high to low were nutritional behavior(72.02%),interpersonal support behavior(62.61%),self-enjoy behavior(61.54%),health responsibility behavior(61.0%),stress control behavior(60.85%)and physical exercise(60.75%).Stepwise regression analysis showed that self-enjoy behavior(β=6.388,P=0.008)and physical exercise(β=5.298,P=0.024)were positively correlated with quality of life among the patients with T2 DM in the community after adjusting for the impact of age and other chronic diseases.Conclusions There is a lack of physical exercise among the patients with T2 DM in the community.Physical exercise behavior and self-enjoy behavior affect the quality of life of the patients with T2 DM in the community;and hence,the key point of health education intervention may be to improve physical exercise behavior and keep an optimistic attitude.