强化健康教育对社区老年糖尿病患者生活方式的影响研究

Effect of intensive health education on the lifestyle of community elderly diabetic patients

目的探讨强化健康教育模式对老年糖尿病患者生活方式及血糖控制效果的影响,为更好的改善糖尿病患者生活质量提供建议。方法采用自身前后对照的实验方法,将社区115名2型糖尿病患者随机分为实验组和对照组,实验组给予强化健康教育干预措施,对照组给予常规健康教育模式,观察比较两组患者生活方式的变化情况。结果干预后,实验组和对照组人群的生活方式均有所改善,其中实验组人群的饮酒率由37.93%降为17.24%、吸烟率由31.03%降为12.07%、缺乏运动由48.28%降为16.0%、高盐饮食由34.48%降为5.86%、高脂饮食由34.48%降为24.14%、高糖饮食由20.69%降为3.45%、服药依从性由44.83%上升为79.31%,失眠率由50.00%降为18.97%,空腹血糖由(8.39±1.42)mmol/L降为(6.58±1.53)mmol/L。与对照组相比,实验组患者在饮酒、吸烟、缺乏运动、高盐饮食、服药依从性及失眠等健康相关行为方面以及血糖水平优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论强化健康教育对改善老年糖尿病患者健康相关行为具有良好的促进作用。

Objective To explore the influence of intensive health education mode on the lifestyle and glycemic control effect of elderly patients with diabetes,and to provide suggestions for further improving the quality of life of diabetic patients.Methods Self-contrast test method was used in this study.115 community patients with type 2 diabetes were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group.The experimental group was given intensive health education,while the control group received routine health education.The changes of lifestyle of patients in the two groups were observed and compared.Results After the intervention,the lifestyle of patients in the experimental group and the control group had improved,of which the rates of drinking,smoking,lack of exercise,high-salt diet,high-fat diet,high-carbohydrate diet,medication dependence,insomnia and fasting blood glucose in patients of the experimental group decreased from 37.93%to 17.24%,from 31.03%to 12.07%,from 48.28%to 16.0%,from 34.48%to 5.86%,from 34.48%to 24.14%,from 20.69%to 3.45%,from 44.83%to 79.31%,from 50.00%to 18.97%and from(8.39±1.42)mmol/L to(6.58±1.53)mmol/L respectively.The health-related behavior like drinking,smoking,lack of exercise,high-salt diet,medication dependence and insomnia as well as blood glucose level in patients of the experimental group were superior to those of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).Conclusions Intensive health education has favorable effects on improving the health-related behavior of elderly patients with diabetes.