2017年湖北省15岁及以上人群吸烟行为与影响因素分析

Smoking behavior and its influencing factors among population aged 15 years and above in Hubei province, 2017

目的了解2017年湖北省15岁以上人群吸烟行为状况,并探讨其影响因素。方法 2017年1-5月,使用分层多阶段随机抽样方法,从湖北省随机抽取12个县(市、区)对其中15岁及以上常住人口进行入户调查。使用SPSS 19.0软件复杂抽样数据分析模块,根据抽样设计及全国第六次人口普查湖北省人口数据进行加权。结果共调查3 126名15岁及以上居民,现在吸烟率为22.2%,每日吸烟率为17.3%,对吸烟能引起中风、心脏病、肺癌和阴茎勃起障碍及所有四种疾病的知晓率分别为51.1%、54.8%、93.4%、28.1%和23.4%。性别[男vs.女OR值(95%CI)为51.355(35.016~75.319)]、年龄[与15~24岁相比,25~44岁、45~64岁、65岁~OR(95%CI)分别为2.951(1.556~5.598)、4.233(2.239~8.003)、3.579(1.813~7.063)]、文化程度[以大专及以上为对照,小学及以下、初中、高中OR(95%CI)分别为2.594(1.609~4.182)、1.980(1.306~3.003)、2.010(1.313~3.077)]、职业(与农民对照,离退休人员OR=0.539,95%CI:0.359~0.808)和对吸烟危害认知(认为吸烟能引起四种疾病vs.不认为吸烟能引起四种疾病OR=1.472,95%CI:1.140~1.902)是现在吸烟的影响因素。结论湖北省2017年15岁及以上人群吸烟流行现况严峻,对烟草危害认知不够全面,应针对重点人群,制定针对性干预策略。

Objective To investigate the status of smoking behavior among people aged 15 years and above in Hubei province,and to explore its influencing factors.Methods A stratified multistage random sampling method was used to select 12 counties(cities and districts)in Hubei province from January to May 2017,and a household survey was conducted among permanent residents aged 15 years and above.The complex samples module of SPSS version 19.0 was used for analysis,and the data of the sixth national population census of Hubei province were used for the complex sampling weighting adjustments.Results A total of 3,126 residents aged 15 years and above were surveyed.The current smoking rate and daily smoking rate were 22.2%and 17.3%respectively.The awareness rates of smoking-induced stroke,heart disease,lung cancer,erectile dysfunction and the above-mentioned four diseases were 51.1%,54.8%,93.4%,28.1%and 23.4%respectively.Sex(the OR(95%CI)of male versus female was 51.355(35.016-75.319)),age(compared with the age group of 15-24 years,the ORs(95%CI)of the age groups of 25-44,45-64 and 65-years were 2.951(1.556-5.598),4.233(2.239-8.003)and 3.579(1.813-7.063)respectively),educational background(compared with educational background of junior college degree and above,the ORs(95%CI)of primary and below,junior middle school and senior middle school were 2.594(1.609-4.182),1.980(1.306-3.003)and 2.010(1.313-3.077),occupation(compared with farmers,the OR(95%CI)of the retired was 0.539(0.359-0.808)and the cognition of tobacco hazard(the OR(95%CI)of agreeing that smoking could cause the above-mentioned four diseases versus disagreeing that smoking could cause the above-mentioned four diseases was 1.472(1.140-1.902))were the factors influencing current smoking.Conclusions The epidemic status of smoking in people aged 15 years and above in Hubei province in 2017 was serious,and their awareness of tobacco hazard was not comprehensive.It is necessary to formulate the targeted intervention strategies based on the key population.