高硫原油在装置运行中硫的传递和分布

Transfer and Distribution of Sulfur in High-sulfur Crude Oil during Unit Operation

当前世界各大炼厂高硫高酸劣质原油的加工量逐步提高,研究高硫原油在全流程中硫的传递和分布对炼厂汽、柴油质量升级改造具有重要意义。通过对某炼化公司加工高硫原油的常减压、催化裂化、焦化、加氢、重整、S Zorb等6套装置的硫含量测定和分析,得到了该炼厂全流程硫的传递及分布规律,绘制了全流程硫的传递及分布图。常减压装置随着馏分变重,硫含量呈增加趋势;催化裂化装置原料和产物的硫含量均较高,干气必须经过脱硫处理后,才能作为各工艺炉和动力锅炉的燃料使用,液化气经脱硫后作为气体分馏原料;催化稳定汽油经S Zorb吸附脱硫达到硫含量符合国Ⅵ车用汽油标准(≤10mg/kg);通过混合加氢工艺去除催化柴油、焦化汽柴油、常压直馏柴油组分油中的硫、氧、氮等杂质,经过进一步分馏获得品质较高的柴油和石脑油。

With the gradual increase of the processing volume of high-sulfur high-acid inferior crude oil in major refineries worldwide,the research on the transfer and distribution of sulfur in high-sulfur crude oil in the whole process is of great significance to the gasoline and diesel oil quality upgrading and transformation in refineries.In this paper,the rules of sulfur transfer and distribution in the whole process of a refinery are obtained through the sulfur content measurement and analysis of six units processing high-sulfur crude oil including atmospheric and vacuum distillation,catalytic cracking,coking,hydrogenation,catalytic reforming and S Zorb,and the sulfur transfer and distribution map in the whole process is drawn.The sulfur content in atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit increases with the increase of the distillate weight.The sulfur contents of both the raw materials and products of catalytic cracking unit are higher,so the dry gas must be desulfurized before being used as the fuel for process furnaces and power boilers,and liquefied gas can be used as the feed for gas fractionation after desulfurization.Catalytically stabilized gasoline can be desulfurized in S Zorb u-nit to reach a sulfur content of no higher than 10 mg/kg,which is stipulated in the standard for NationalⅥgasoline for motor vehicles.The impurities such as sulfur,oxygen and nitrogen in FCC diesel oil,coker gasoline and diesel oil and atmospheric straight-run diesel oil are removed via mixed hydrogenation process,and higher quality diesel oil and naphtha are obtained through further fractionation.