手足口病的流行病学及预防措施研究

Epidemiology and Preventive Measures of Hand Foot Mouth Disease

目的分析研究手足口病的流行病学特点及其预防措施。方法选取该院2015年1月—2017年1月期间收治的580例手足口病患儿,对其手足口病变与临床特点进行综合分析和判断,分析手足口病的流行病学特征。结果手足口病1~3岁患儿约占63.1%,高于其他年龄的患儿(P<0.05),区域分布乡村发病率55.2%,城区44.8%,乡村明显偏高(P<0.05)。发病季节主要集中于春节(4~6月);手足口病临床表现主要集中为发热、皮疹、神经系统症状等。结论分析手足口病的危险因素包括年龄、地域、季节等,加强儿童家属及幼师的预防意识意义重大。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and preventive measures of hand foot mouth disease(HFMD). Methods 580 children with hand foot mouth disease in our hospital from January 2015 to January 2017 were selected to analyze and judge their hand foot and mouth disease and clinical features, and to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease. Results Foot and mouth disease in children aged 1~3 years accounted for 63.1%,(P<0.05), the regional distribution of rural incidence rate of 55.2%, compared to 44.8% City, Country is significantly higher(P<0.05). The onset season is mainly in the Spring Festival(4~6 months). The clinical manifestations of HFMD are mainly fever, skin rash and nervous system symptoms. Conclusion It is important to analyze the risk factors of hand, foot and mouth disease, including age, region, season and so on. It is important to strengthen the awareness of prevention of children's family members and kindergarten teachers.