妇科肿瘤术后并发下肢静脉血栓形成的临床分析

Clinical Analysis of Lower Limb Venous Thrombosis after Gynecologic Tumor Operation

目的探讨妇科肿瘤术后静脉血栓形成(VTE)的发生率、危险因素、临床特点、诊断、治疗及预防。方法回顾性分析2016年1月—2018年1月收治的142例妇科恶性肿瘤患者的临床资料。分析术后静脉血栓形成的发生率、危险因素、诊断及防治。结果 142例妇科肿瘤静脉血栓形成发生率为7.04%(10/142),其中下肢静脉血栓形成9例,肺栓塞1例。宫颈癌术后发生率为6.94%(5/72)。术后卵巢癌的发生率为10.71%(3/28),术后子宫内膜癌的发生率为4.76%(2/42)。结论高龄患者合并内科疾病、术中血常规、手术时间、麻醉时间和肥胖可能是血栓形成的高危因素。彩色多普勒超声结合D-二聚体诊断VTE。积极预防、早期诊断和抗凝治疗对静脉血栓栓塞症有较好的疗效。

Objective To investigate the incidence,risk factors,clinical features,diagnosis,treatment and prevention of venous thrombosis(VTE)after gynecological tumor operation.Methods Clinical data of 142 patients with gynecological malignant tumor were retrospectively analyzed.The incidence,risk factors,diagnosis,prevention and treatment of postoperative venous thrombosis were analyzed.Results The incidence of venous thrombosis in 142 gynecological tumors was7.04%(10/142),including 9 cases of lower extremity venous thrombosis and 1 case of pulmonary embolism.The postoperative incidence of cervical cancer was 6.94%(5/72).The incidence of postoperative ovarian cancer was 10.71%(3/28).The incidence of endometrial carcinoma was 4.76%(2/42).Conclusion The high risk factors of thrombosis are the combination of internal medical condition,blood routine,time of operation,time of anesthesia and obesity.Color Doppler ultrasound combined with D-dimer in the diagnosis of VTE.Active prevention,early diagnosis and anticoagulant therapy have a better effect on venous thromboembolism.