中国经济的症结是空间错配

Besetting Sin of Chines Economy: Spatial Mismatch

在改革开放的进程中与当前全球经济的复杂背景下,中国面临着经济增长与区域平衡的双重目标。从"空间政治经济学"视角来看,中国经济增长下滑的症结在于资源的空间错配,行政力量阻碍了生产要素(劳动力、土地、资本)的市场流动;区域均衡发展政策被误解,片面追求区域间的"均匀分布",引导经济资源配置到效率低的行业和地区,致使资源配置效率恶化和经济增长速度放缓。然而,区域之间的"平衡"发展不等于经济和人口的"均匀分布",而应该着眼于"人均"意义上的平衡发展。未来,中国经济要兼顾统一、发展和平衡,必须打破行政力量对生产要素流动的限制,发挥市场在资源配置中的决定性力量,促进国内市场整合和生产要素跨地区再配置,使区域经济发展"在集聚中走向平衡"。如此方能发挥大国发展优势,实现高质量发展。

In the process of reform and opening up and against the complex background of current global economy,China has the dual goals of economic growth and regional balance. From the perspective of 'space political economics',the besetting sin for the plunge of China’s economic growth is the spatial mismatch of resources: the administrative power hinders the free flow of production factors(labor, land, capital), and the government single-mindedly pursues balanced distribution among regions, which results in lower efficiency of resource allocation and slower economic growth. However,'balanced' development among regions is not equal to 'balanced distribution' of economy and population. Instead, we should focus on the balanced development in terms of per capita GDP. In the future, to attach equal importance to integration, development and balance in Chinese economy, we must break the restriction of administrative power on the flow of production factors, give full play to the decisive role of the market in resource allocation, promote integration of domestic markets and cross-regional redistribution of production factors, and make regional economic development 'move towards balance in the process of agglomeration'. Only in this way can we give full play to our advantages as a big country and achieve high-quality development.