论隐私权保护范围的界定

Definition of the Protection Scope of Right to Privacy

隐私权内涵由最初的"独处权",发展至包括"私人秘密信息"和"私生活安宁"在内,再扩张至对私人信息和私人空间的自决,且呈现出从消极防御的权利向积极利用的权利转化的趋势,甚至可能包括"被遗忘权"。我国立法和学说均将隐私权定性为具体人格权,明确了其保护范围界定的前提,但对于其保护范围的具体界定却并无定论。本文梳理隐私权的产生发展过程,以明确隐私权保护范围界定的基本框架;梳理我国关于隐私权保护范围的立法和学说,旨在厘清隐私权保护范围界定的具体内容;最终提出以信息隐私权和空间隐私权构建隐私权保护范围的基本模式,指明两者在权利客体内容、侵权行为表现方式、侵权责任承担方式方面的区分,论证此构建模式的正当性。

From the appearance of the right to privacy to date,its connotation has developed from the original content of the right to be let alone,to include both private information and private tranquility.It has even expanded to self-determination on private information and private space.The right to privacy shows a shift from a passively defensive right to a positively available right,and even may include the right to be forgotten.Both the legislation and academic theories in China regard the right to privacy as a kind of specific personality right,providing preconditions for defining its protection scope.However,there has been no conclusion about how to define.This article will describe the appearance and development process of the right to privacy,in order to clarify the fundamental framework of defining its protection scope.Key legislation and theories of the right to privacy will be analyzed to clarify specific contents of its protection scope.As a conclusion,the basic pattern of the protection scope is suggested to include the right to privacy on private information and the right to privacy on private space.This pattern will be justified by differentiating their contents of the right object,the methods of tortious acts and the methods of assuming tort liabilities.