海外知识资本与全球价值链升级——基于GVC地位指数的实证研究

Overseas knowledge capital upgrading global value chain: an empirical study based on GVC Position Index

利用WWZ法测算出2003—2014年我国在41个国家56个行业中的全球价值链地位指数,并实证分析了外商直接投资、对外直接投资、出口、进口四类海外知识资本对我国价值链升级的影响。结果表明:对外直接投资和出口能有效提升我国价值链地位,外商直接投资和进口在发达经济体中存在抑制作用;对外直接投资能促进我国制造业低、中、高三类技术部门价值链升级,外商直接投资在三个技术部门显示抑制效果,出口对中、高技术部门有推动力,进口只对低技术部门有正向影响。

The global value chain status index of 56 industries in 41 countries from 2003 to 2014 is calculated by using the WWZ method,in addition to an empirical impact analysis of four types of overseas intellectual capital on upgrading China’s value chain,including foreign direct investment(FDI),outbound direct investment(ODI),exports and imports.The results show that ODI and exports can effectively improve China’s value chain status in both developed and emerging economies,while foreign direct investment and imports have a restraining effect in developed economies but not in emerging economies.ODI can promote the upgrading of value chain of the low,medium and high-tech sectors in China’s manufacturing industry,while FDI has the suppression effect in all the three departments.Exports have a driving force for the middle and high-tech sectors,while imports have a driving force only for the low-tech sectors.