干燥方法对秦艽药材中有效成分含量的影响

The effects of dehydrating methods on contents of main active constituents in Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix

目的 探究发汗与否及不同干燥方式对秦艽中五种主要有效成分含量的影响,为秦艽产地加工中的干燥方法优化,提高秦艽药材质量提供依据。方法 采用HPLC法测定五种成分的含量,乙腈-冰醋酸梯度洗脱,柱温30℃,检测波长238nm。结果 发汗后干燥的药材中马钱苷酸(I1)、龙胆苦苷(I4)与五种成分总含量极显著低于不发汗直接干燥的药材,6’-O-β-葡萄糖基龙胆苦苷(I2)显著高于直接干燥的药材,而獐牙菜苦苷(I3)、獐牙菜苷(I5)含量与不发汗相比无显著差异。烘干、晒干和阴干三种干燥方式中,阴干最有利于I4以及五种成分总含量的保留。烘干有利于I1的保留,晒干相对不利于主要有效成分的保留。结论 秦艽药材产地加工应该不必发汗,直接干燥。并根据实际情况优先考虑阴干和烘干的干燥方式。

Objective To investigate the effects on main effective components in Gentiana Macrophylla Radix,after treating with different dehydrating and sweating methods,and provide a basis for improving primary processing and quality.Methods The contents of five main constituents were determined by HPLC.Acetonitrile-acetic acid is adopted as mobile phase,the column temperature is set at 30℃and the detection wavelength is 238 nm.Results The results show that compared with the medicinal materials dried without sweating treatment,contents of loganic acid(I1),gentiopicroside(I4),and total content of the five constituents in desiccated medicinal materials which has sweated,are very significantly lower.But content of 6’-O-β-glucosyl-gentiopicroside(I2)is significantly higher than no-sweating crude drugs.The contents of sweroside(I3)and swertiamarin(I5)have no statistical difference between sweating and no-sweating group.Among these three ways of dehydrating:oven dry,dry in the sun and dry in shade,dry in shade is the best way for the preservation of I4 and total content of the five iridoid glycosides,while oven dry can be propitious to retain I1.Relatively,dry in the sun is adverse for main active constituents in Gentiana Macrophylla Radix.Conclusion Gentiana Macrophylla Radix should be dried straightway without sweating,and provided an appropriate dehydrating method which is seslected from dry in shade and oven dry on the basis of actual condition.