新手到专家:职业专长发展的必由之路

Novice to Expert:a Necessary Way of the Professional Expertise Development

专家———新手这一研究思路最初应用于象棋、物理、医学等职业专长领域 ,以后逐渐应用于文学、体育、音乐等领域。在不同的职业领域存在不同的专长。职业专长的发展是一个长期学习和实践的过程。新手与专家的职业专长发展存在差异这些差异的影响因素主要在动机、实践训练、知觉、知识经验等方面。找到这些影响因素 ,对于职业指导与职业培训具有重要的意义。

The research of novice-expert was firstly applied in professional expertise in fields like chess?physics?medicine,etc,and later in literature?physical education?music,and so on.There is different expertise in different profession.It takes a long time of study and practise to develop professional expertise.There are differences in the development of professional expertise between novice and expert.The main influential factors are motivation?practice?perception?knowledge and experience.Figuring out the factors which cause the differences is especially useful to the career guidance and training.